Postnatal Development of Endocrine Pancreatic Islets of an Egyptian One-humped Camel (Camelus dromedarius)

Document Type : Research article

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Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University 22511, Egypt

Abstract

This study aims to ascertain the morphological and morphometric development of pancreatic islets as well as the average levels of numerous hormones during the postnatal development of camel pancreatic islets. Until recently, there has been no information on the aging development of pancreatic islets in the camel pancreas. I examined three different ages (4 years, 8 years, and 18 years) by using histochemistry. The diameter of the camel pancreatic islet increased from 70.3 ± 1.5 µm in 4 years to 97 ± 1.6 µm in 18 years. The insulin cells were distributed all over the pancreatic islets, and their average increased from 65.7% in 4 years to 77.6% in 18-year-old camels. The glucagon cells were distributed in the periphery, and their percentage was around 11.2% in 4 years and 18.8% in 18 years. The somatostatin cells were distributed throughout the islets; their percentage was around 7.5% in 4 years and 9.4% in 18 years. I examined the proliferation of pancreatic islets in order to comprehend the process that increases the size of pancreatic islets and insulin cells. There is no prior information describing the proliferation of beta cells in camel pancreatic islets. The proliferation was around 5.4% in insulin cells at 4 years and increased to 7.8% in insulin cells at 8 years. The current research clarifies that the size of pancreatic islets increases, and the percentage of insulin cells rises with aging, which is essential for maintaining blood glucose levels and aids camels in long-term adaptation to famine.

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