Cutting-Edge Topics in Research on Veterinary Sciences
Seddik
Hammad
Department of Forensic Medicine , Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt
author
Yasser
Ahmed
Department of Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt
author
Ashraf
Elghoneimy
De-partment of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt
author
Jehan
Daoud
Department of Food Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt
author
text
article
2018
eng
We are pleased to announce the first edition of the SVU-International Journal of Veterinary Sciences (SVU-IJVS). We hope that this journal will advance the field of animal sciences and related biomedical disciplines. SVU-IJVS is particularly interested to publishany work –of a high quality-in the field of animal sciences. Beside conventional animal-related work, interdis-ciplinary articles i.e. medicine, biology, bioinformatics and mathematics which may not be pub-lished by the narrow windows journals, are highly appreciated in the SVU-IJVS. We hope that SVU-IJVS will play a positive role in this field of research
SVU-International Journal of Veterinary Sciences
South Valley Univesity, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine
2535-1826
1
v.
1
no.
2018
1
3
https://svu.journals.ekb.eg/article_17915_e0dd12ae2aeada14bcf0d2e5c5e54cc9.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/svu.2018.17915
Liver Regeneration and New Technical Possibilities by Two-photon Based Intravital Imaging
Ahmed
Ghallab
Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors at the Technical University Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany.&Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt.
author
Jan
Hengstler
Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors at the Technical University Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany.
author
text
article
2018
eng
One of the outstanding features of the liver is its enormous regeneration capacity. Compared to other solid organs, such as kidney, heartor brain, the liver shows a superior capacity to regenerate. Probably, this regeneration capacity has evolved during ‘animal plant warfare’, when plants protected themselves from herbivores by new toxins and herbivores responded by novel detoxifying enzymes and efficient hepatic regeneration. Control mechanisms of liver regeneration have attracted scientists since decades. One limitation that has hampered progress is the lack of possibilities ofreal-time observations of cellular and subcellular processes in the regenerating liver without removing the organ for analysis. This has now become possible by the introduction of an improved technology of two-photonbased intravital imaging. This technology allows the possibility to perform real-time imaging of theintact liver in anesthetized mice. Resolution is close to the theoretically possible 200 nm and therefore allows imaging of organelles and vesicles. Also, imaging of fast processes in the millisecond range is possible. Using available fluorescent reportermouse systems, it is possible to visualize all resident cell types of the liver, such as hepatocytes, Kupffer cells, stellate cells and sinusoidal endothelial cells. Furthermore, infiltrating immune cells can be imaged during liver injury and regenerationusing cell-specific antibodies or reporter mice. This minireview presents some of the possibilities of intravital imaging and its applicability for research in the field of liver regeneration
SVU-International Journal of Veterinary Sciences
South Valley Univesity, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine
2535-1826
1
v.
1
no.
2018
4
15
https://svu.journals.ekb.eg/article_17918_f4167d81e6e0fcce2f9c6999e0932acb.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/svu.2018.17918
Morphogenesis of the Sternum in Quail Embryos
Nashwa
Araby
Department of Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, South Valley University, Egypt,
author
Soha
Soliman
Department of Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, South Valley University, Egypt,
author
Eman
Abdel Raheem
Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, South Valley University, Egypt
author
Yasser
Ahmed
Department of Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt
author
text
article
2018
eng
The flat bone develops through intramembranous ossification, in which themesenchymal cells are directly driven towards osteogenic lineage without the formation of cartilage template. While long bone develops through endochondral ossification, where cartilage template act as an intermediate stage between mesenchymal and bone tissues. Although the avian sternum is a flat bone, some studies describe formation of a cartilage template during its development. The aim of the current study was to observethe mechanism of ossification in quail sternum during embryonic development. Thirty quail embryos were collected for the current study (5 embryos/ day) during the period between Day (D) 5 and D10 of embryonic development and processed for light microscopy. The differentiation of mesenchymal condensation in to the chondrogenic cells was observed at D5whereas the secretion of extracellular matrix could be evident at D6. The cartilage primordia were observed by D7 which wereconsisted of chondrocytes, embedded in matrix and surrounded by perichondrium. Later these primordia were developed in to cartilage template by D8 where the chondrocytes were present in their lacuna. This template attained the shape of future sternum byD9, which was more distinct at D10. Thesepreliminary observationssuggested thatthe quail sternum grows through endochondral ossification. The future study will further explore the histological changes of quail sternum during post-hatching development.
SVU-International Journal of Veterinary Sciences
South Valley Univesity, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine
2535-1826
1
v.
1
no.
2018
16
24
https://svu.journals.ekb.eg/article_17920_d9a4337dc434845804e274b4d81cd8d1.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/svu.2018.17920
Evaluation the Effectiveness of Green Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles on The Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Dexamethasone and Its Side Effects in Rats
Elham
Mobarez
Department of Biochemistry, Toxicology and Feed Deficiency. (Pharmacology Unit),
author
Hanan
Azoz
1Department of Biochemistry, Toxicology and Feed Deficiency. (Pharmacology Unit),
author
Naglaa
Alkalamawy
Department of Pathology, Animal Health Research Institute, Dokki, Egypt.
author
Abdel-Fatah
Nada
Department of Immunology, Animal Health Research Institute, Dokki, Egypt.
author
text
article
2018
eng
Green synthesis of nanoparticles is considered an ecofriendly technology because it does not involve toxic chemicals.In this study,green zinc oxide nanoparticles (7-25 nm) were synthesized from olive plant and examined for its anti-inflammatory activities alone or with dexamethasone in rats. Seventy rats were randomly allocated into 7 groups (10 rats/group). Group 1 served as a negative control. Other rats in the six groups were injected with formalin into the intra planter paws of right hind limb (50ul) followed by administration of investigated agents as following; group 2 used as control positive for inflammation. Group 3 and4 were administrated dexamethasone at 2 doses; 2 and 5mg/ kg b.wt. (i.m), respectively. Group 5 was treated with zinc oxide nanoparticles at dose of 25mg/ kg b.wt.(i.p). Groups 6 and 7 were treated with Zinc oxide nanoparticles at dose of 25 mg/kg b. wt. (i.p) and dexamethasone at doses of 2 and 5mg/kg b. wt. (i.m), respectively.All treatmentswerecontinuous for 5 successive days. Representative blood and tissue samples for immunological, chemical and pathological investigations were collected.The present study refers to the anti -inflammatory effect of both zinc oxide nanoparticles and dexamethasone through variable pathways; mixed treatment between green Zinc oxide nanoparticles and dexamethsone improve the dysregulated biochemical effects inducedby inflammation. ZnO nano-particles affect mainly Th2 which enhanced by dexamethasone that had mainly immune-suppressive effect on B-lymphocytes.Despite the recorded anti-inflammatoryeffect,attention to side effects such as genotoxicity recorded in that study, should be considered.We could conclude that although green zinc oxide nanoparticles may be considered as a potential treatment for inflammatory conditions, but it enhances the apoptotic effect of dexamethasone withend-result of (transient) genotoxic effect.
SVU-International Journal of Veterinary Sciences
South Valley Univesity, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine
2535-1826
1
v.
1
no.
2018
25
54
https://svu.journals.ekb.eg/article_17924_d579eeb3d30dabdf863c1bd338fc696c.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/svu.2018.17924
Lavender foal syndrome in Egyptian Arabian horses: molecular and pathological studies
Naglaa
Alkalamawy
Animal Health Research Institute, Pathology Department, Dokki -Giza,
author
Dawlat
Amin
Animal Health Research Institute, Pathology Department, Dokki -Giza,
author
Ibrahim
Alkalamawy
Biotechnology Unit, VACSERA- Giza,
author
Iman
Abd Elaty
Veterinarian in practice
author
text
article
2018
eng
Lavender foal syndrome is one of fatal genetic coat color -associated disorders in Arabian horses caused by a recessive gene. Arabian horse harbor heterozygous genes represent a carrier case with normal criteria, while that harbor homozygous genes mostly will had a characteristic lavender coat color and represented an affected case that will die within few days. Egyptian Arabian horses are incriminated to harbor up to 10% of this syndrome recessive gene and hence of great economic important for Arabian horse’s industry. In this study we trace the historical appearance of LFS in the records of one Arabian horses farm, apply PCR followed by sequence analysis for 8 suspected cases. On the other side pathological investigation of early dead foal with lavender coat color was carried out.Our results detected the incriminated single base deletion at the molecular level by sequence analysis of hair samples in four out of the eight suspected horses. Histopathological investigation was carried out on liver, kidneys and different regions of the brain of dead foal with lavender coat color. Moreover, immuno-histochemistry technique was done to clarify the possible LFS pathogenesis. Our result reflects the principle role of myosin Va as a cargo molecule in LFS pathogenesis in association with development of endoplasmic reticulum stress effect with end result of multi-systemic effects
SVU-International Journal of Veterinary Sciences
South Valley Univesity, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine
2535-1826
1
v.
1
no.
2018
55
65
https://svu.journals.ekb.eg/article_17929_ec67f47c59f6767fc954ebacde815b37.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/svu.2018.17929
Disposition Kinetics of Cefepime in Healthy and Experimentally Salmonella Typhimurium Infected Broiler Chicken
Taha
Atti
Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sadat City,
author
Hanan
Azoz
Biochemistry, Toxicology and Feed Deficiency Department “Pharmacology Unit”, Animal Health Research Institute, Dokki, Egypt.
author
Mohamed
Shamakh
Biochemistry, Toxicology and Feed Deficiency Department “Pharmacology Unit”, Animal Health Research Institute, Dokki, Egypt.
author
text
article
2018
eng
Cefepime is a broad-spectrum semi synthetic β-lactamase resistant fourth generation cephalosporin. Looking to potential for clinical use, pharmacokinetics of cefepime following single intravenous and intramuscular (IM) dose (100mg/kg b. wt.) in healthy and experimentallySalmonella typhimuriuminfected broiler chickens were determined.Cefepime concentration in serumsamples was determined by reverse-phase high performance liquid chromatography with mobile phase. The mobile phase was a mixture of 10mM phosphate buffer (pH 7): Methanol; 75:25 was always freshly prepared. Flow rates were 1 ml/min. UV detection was performed at 256 nm, injection volume was 20 µl. After a single intravenous injection, cefepime reached its maximum serum concentrations of 4.28 ± 0.37μg/mlin normalchickens, while in the infected chickens, the maximum serum concentration was 2.62 ± 0.72 μg/ml. Cefepime was eliminated after intravenous injection with half-life (t1/2 β) of 4.608 ± 0.145 h in normal which significantly longer than 4.19 ± 0.158 h in infected chickens. The mean residence time (MRT) was 6.51 ± 0.189h in normal vs5.86±0.18 h in infected chickens. After IMadministration the drug reached its maximum serum concentrations of 193.06 ± 2.27μg/ml at maximum time of 1.138 ± 0.012 h in normal, while in infected chickens the maximum serum concentrations was 132.93 ± 1.53μg/mlattained atmaximum timeof 1.265 ± 0.013 h. In conclusion a cefepime at dose of 100 mg/kg administered intravenously or IMat 24 h intervals may provide successful treatment of chicken infected with Salmonellatyphimurium
SVU-International Journal of Veterinary Sciences
South Valley Univesity, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine
2535-1826
1
v.
1
no.
2018
66
81
https://svu.journals.ekb.eg/article_17931_b3e57a239654f418984d49f3ac2b7f73.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/svu.2018.17931
The Titer of Immunity and Signs of Welfare Due to Changes in Group Size in Two Strains of Lohmann Classic Layers
Hesham
Mohammed
Department of Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, El-Zeraa St. 114; 44511, Zagazig, Egypt,
author
Ibrahim
Rehan
Department of Animal Behavior and Husbandry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, South Valley University, Qena, 83523, Egypt.
author
text
article
2018
eng
This study examined the effect of the different group sizes on the titers of some immunological indicators and welfare status in two strains of Lohmannlayers. A total 558 layers (279 Lohmannbrown and 279 Lohmannselected leghorn), aged 50 weeks were homogenously classified into four groups, where 360 birds (180 Lohmannbrown and 180 Lohmannselected leghorn) in 6 cages (60 layers/cage “5 m2”) and 198 birds (99 Lohmannbrown and 99 Lohmannselected leghorn) (33 layers/cage “2.8 m2”) with the same floor space relatively.The antibody titer of avian encephalomyelitis, avian meta-pneumonia, infectious bronchitis and mycoplasma synovia were higher in small group (33 birds) than large group size (60 birds). However, the differences didn’t reach the significance. In the other hand, the Lohmannselected leghorn was more susceptible to avian encephalomyelitis, infectious bronchitis and mycoplasma synovia due to the increase in its antibody titers, while the antibody titers of avian meta-pneumonia and mycoplasma gallisepticum were higher in Lohmannbrown. In large group size, the scores of plumage condition were referred to the best, especially in Lohmannbrown. Furthermore, the changes in feet condition in Lohmannbrown were better than Lohmannselected leghorn, especially in large group. In order to achieve the full genetic growth potential, layers must be reared under optimal group size. Therefore, any deviation of the optimum management condition of layers may impair their performance, cause immunosuppression, and change their physiological responses leading to increase their susceptibility to diseases.
SVU-International Journal of Veterinary Sciences
South Valley Univesity, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine
2535-1826
1
v.
1
no.
2018
82
89
https://svu.journals.ekb.eg/article_17934_fab51f54ef154db268d546bb7230821f.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/svu.2018.17934
Potential Regenerative Capacity of physiological serum, L-arginine and IGF-1 on Skeletal Muscle
Naglaa
Alkalamawy
Animal Health Research Institute, Pathology Department, Dokki, Giza
author
text
article
2018
eng
In post–mitotic tissues such as skeletal muscles there are no significant cell replacements throughout life; the cells sustain local damage through its pool of specified stem cells. Muscle satellite cells are mononuclear cells that remain in a quiescent state till be activated; when they proliferate and fuse with muscle fibers to donate myonuclei, a process necessary for post-embryonic growth, hypertrophy and tissue repair in this post-mitotic tissue.Modern trends in using (autologous) biological agents ininitiation of regenerative process encourage us to evaluate the efficacy of some of these agents.In this study muscle damage was induced by cardiotoxin; followed by administration of biological agents; autologous physiological serum, L-arginine and IGF-1as a stimulating factors of myogenic satellite cells to initiate the myogenic regenerative process.Our study refers to variable degrees of efficacy in stimulation of myogenic stem cells differentiation and the outcome of the regenerative process. Although the physiological serum had marked ability to stimulate MSC but high number of newly formed myotubules are split. L-arginine despite had delayed regenerating time, but more organization of newly formed myotubules was retained. IGF-1 had rapid effect but associated with considerable number of newly formed split myotubules.We could conclude that for perfect regenerative myogenic tissue not main just formation muscle fibers, but theses fibers must be organized and functional. Healthy functional regenerative process need synchronization of several agents should be considered
SVU-International Journal of Veterinary Sciences
South Valley Univesity, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine
2535-1826
1
v.
1
no.
2018
90
101
https://svu.journals.ekb.eg/article_17935_8015fb87c9b34591ae546f598b8b20d1.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/svu.2018.17935
Some Virulence Genes of Pathogenic Enterococci Isolated from Raw Milk and Some Milk Products
Margret
Shafeek
Department of Food Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, South Valley University, Qena 83523, Egypt
author
Laila
El-Malt
Department of Food Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, South Valley University, Qena 83523, Egypt
author
Karima
Abdel Hameed
Department of Food Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, South Valley University, Qena 83523, Egypt
author
Mona
El-Zamkan
Department of Food Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, South Valley University, Qena 83523, Egypt
author
text
article
2018
eng
A total of 150 random samples of raw cow milk and some locally manufactured dairy products including yoghurt,Kareish cheese and ice cream were collected from various dairy shops, and supermarkets in Qena city, Egypt. Samples were examined for the presence of Enterococcus spp. The investigation revealed that 64, 28, 76, 72 and 16 %of the examined raw milk samples, large and small-scale yoghurt, Kareish cheese and ice cream were contaminated with Enterococcus spp., respectively. Isolates were identified as E. faecalis and E. faecium in percentages of (8 &32), (16 &0), (8 &28), (8 &36), and (4 &0) in the examined raw milk samples, large and small-scale yoghurt, Kareish cheese and ice cream, respectively. The obtained isolates were screened for presence of some virulence genes gelE, asa1, esp and cylA using multiplex PCR. The results indicated that gelE, asa1, esp and cylA were located in 53.9, 76.9, 69.2,and 30.8% of the total E. faecalis isolates and in 46.9, 71.9, 53.1,and 34.3 % of the total E. faecium isolates, respectively. The asa1 and esp genes were the predominant virulence traits among all investigated enterococci isolates followed by gelE and cylA genes. Therefore, the results of this study showed that milk and dairy products can play an important role in the spread of Enterococci with virulence potential through the food chain to the human population
SVU-International Journal of Veterinary Sciences
South Valley Univesity, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine
2535-1826
1
v.
1
no.
2018
102
113
https://svu.journals.ekb.eg/article_17937_77dff48f7fc7eae23f84d5ba95c49def.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/svu.2018.17937