South Valley Univesity, Faculty of Veterinary MedicineSVU-International Journal of Veterinary Sciences2535-18264220210601Effectiveness of Sodium bisulfate and Calcium carbonate litter amendments on the Microbial load of Broiler Built-up Litter11016058610.21608/svu.2021.56458.1095ENElshaimaaIsmaelDepartment of Veterinary Hygiene and Management, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt 122110000-0002-3991-2846Eman MohamedIsmailDepartment of Veterinary Hygiene and Management, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt 12211Journal Article20210103In the poultry industry, litter treatment is an effective tool used to control microbial growth, public health risk, and the environmental impact of built-up litter. Our study aimed to compare the efficacy of the two commercial litter amendments, Calcium carbonate and Sodium bisulfate, to reduce the total aerobic (TAC) and total fungal counts (TFC) of dry and wet-caked built-up broiler litters. Litter samples were obtained from 21 and 35 days two broiler houses, then each sample was divided into three sub-groups (500 g/group): control untreated groups, desiccant treated groups (40g Calcium carbonate), and acidifier treated groups (40 g Sodium bisulfate). TAC and TFC and log reduction were determined at zero, 2, and 14 days post-application. Calcium carbonate was highly efficient when applied on the wet litter and achieved a 4.76 log reduction of TAC after 48 h of application. Sodium bisulfate was effective on both litter conditions, with a 3.4 log reduction of total aerobic count in wet litter samples, higher than 2.47 in the dry litter samples after 48 hrs. Both litter amendments showed low efficacy after two weeks of application, as log reduction ranged from 0.50 to 1.86. The efficiency of calcium carbonate and sodium bisulfate on total fungal count was negligible and ranged from 0.00 to 0.10 log reduction. In conclusion, calcium carbonate and sodium bisulfate are efficient litter amendments that can be used as a preventive measure for minimizing bacterial growth in broiler built-up litter with periodical reapplication to maintain good litter quality.https://svu.journals.ekb.eg/article_160586_0905b806ef696b2ad090b960389c5981.pdfSouth Valley Univesity, Faculty of Veterinary MedicineSVU-International Journal of Veterinary Sciences2535-18264220210601Clinical and microbiological aspect of surgical affections associated with current epidemics in bovine112616089610.21608/svu.2021.57486.1100ENHagagAbdel KawyDepartment of surgery, Anesthesiology and radiology, Faculty of veterinary medicine, South Valley University, Qena 83523Ahmed SayedSolimanSurgery, Anaesthesiology and Radiology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt0000-0002-8327-1556Abdel-NasserAbdel-HadyDepartment of surgery, Anesthesiology and radiology, Faculty of veterinary medicine, South Valley University, Qena 835230000-0002-4254-9144WaleedYounismicrobiology department , faculty of veterinary medicine, south valley universityJournal Article20210110Egypt is endemic with Lumpy Skin Disease (LSD) and Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD), both impose a drastic effect on the economy. These viral diseases are often complicated with secondary bacterial infections; however, scarce data is available. In this study, utilizing microbiological and molecular procedures, we identified a number of secondary bacterial infections complicating FMD- and LSD-infected cases. Moreover, the antimicrobial resistance profile of the bacterial isolates was explored. The data showed that several bacterial pathogens including Serratia odorifera, Enterococcus faecium, Paenibacillus apiaries and Microbacterium hominis could be recovered from LSD-infected cases. On the other hand, FMD cases were found to be complicated with Pseudomonas mosselii, Bacillus cereus and Trueperella pyogens. However, Bacillus licheniformis was isolated from both disease conditions. The antimicrobial testing revealed that all pathogens are resistant to more than three antibiotics of different families, indicating the multi-drug resistant capabilities of these isolates. This baseline investigation confirms the presence of many secondary bacterial infections linked to LSD and FMD as well as the widespread antimicrobial resistance among the isolated pathogens, however, the contribution of these pathogens to the mortality rate in both conditions needs further studies.https://svu.journals.ekb.eg/article_160896_55037d9fa8f575d839d4188878a8c797.pdfSouth Valley Univesity, Faculty of Veterinary MedicineSVU-International Journal of Veterinary Sciences2535-18264220210601Contribution on the size and morphology of Subarcuate fossa in some mammals and its implications to phylogeny273417119210.21608/svu.2021.60109.1103ENSafwatAliDepartment of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Minia University, El-Minia, Egypt.AbdelraheemEsmatDepartment of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Minia University, El-Minia, Egypt.Aef M.ErashaDepartments of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sadat City, EgyptJournal Article20210127The size of subarcuate fossa of six different mammals has been observed. Among the examined species; camel, dog, rabbit and rat show clear subarcuate structure, which was characterized by the shape of fossa, and could be easily measured by using endocast. In these species the parafloccular lobe of cerebellum is isolated from cranial cavity and engulfed by this fossa. However, in donkey, the fossa is unclear or absent. Studies have reported correlated relationship between the subarcuate fossa and the size of skull and the certain part of cerebellum. The size of the subarcuate fossa is varying from absence of the fossa to large size fossa with its high contribution area of skull size. Dog has the largest subarcuate fossa among the examined species in this study followed by rabbit then camel, after that rat, very small in ruminants and nearly absent in equine. The study reveals the possibility of subarcuate fossa to determine the degree of evolution of the animals, based on variation of this fossa in closely related animals. This order not follow any previous study in literatures that hypothesis correlation between the size of subarcuate fossa and the size of skull or animal size or even part of cerebellum which evolved in this fossa. The result of this paper supports the hypothesis of the correlation relationship between subarcuate fossa and phylogeny of the animals.https://svu.journals.ekb.eg/article_171192_c88c9e25930d666a4ed6f21477d1943d.pdfSouth Valley Univesity, Faculty of Veterinary MedicineSVU-International Journal of Veterinary Sciences2535-18264220210601L-arginine pretreatment ameliorates Lipopolysaccharide-induced thyroid gland dysfunction in male albino rats355017320210.21608/svu.2021.60533.1104ENBasma OsamaMohamedphysiology department, faculty of veterinary medicine, Aswan university, Aswan, Egypt.2018-03-12 UTCHamdy M. EmbarkEmbarkAnimal Physiology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, South Valley University, Qena 83523, EgyptJournal Article20210131Bacterial infection is one of the most common causes of systemic inflammatory syndrome known as sepsis. Previous studies have been shown that sever sepsis was often complicated with secondary multiple organs dysfunction. This syndrome may greatly affect thyroid gland function leading to thyroid gland dysfunction. The objective of this study was to elucidate the effect of bacterial endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide, LPS) on thyroid gland function. The study extended to investigate the role of L-arginine (L-Arg) as immunomodulator in LPS-induced systemic inflammation. Eighty adults, male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four equal groups: The control group was intraperitoneally (IP) injected with physiological sterile saline (0.9% NaCl at dose 1 ml/kg body weight (BW)); LPS-treated group was injected with a single dose of LPS (1 mg/kg BW, IP); L-Arg-treated group was injected with L-Arg (10 mg/kg BW, IP) once per day for 7 consecutive days; and L-Arg + LPS treated group was injected with L-Arg (10 mg/kg BW, IP) once per day for 7 consecutive days followed by a single dose of LPS (1 mg/kg BW, IP). Histopathological changes of thyroid gland, serum triiodothyronine (T3), thyroxine(T4), and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) levels were examined at 6, 12, 24 and 72 hours (h) after the last injection. Treatment of rats with a single dose of LPS alone resulted in thyroiditis which manifested by decreased serum T3 and T4 levels and severe necrosis of the thyroid follicles. However, in L-Arg-treated endotoxemic rats, pretreatment with L-Arg attenuated the LPS-induced acute thyroid gland injury.https://svu.journals.ekb.eg/article_173202_5d72a0ffb7f986cf3a20cf88b66661cf.pdfSouth Valley Univesity, Faculty of Veterinary MedicineSVU-International Journal of Veterinary Sciences2535-18264220210601Acute-phase proteins: As a diagnostic tool in pneumonic dromedary Camel515917704610.21608/svu.2021.61186.1107ENMarwaAhmedpathology, faculty of veterinary medicine, Aswan university, Aswan, EgyptSary KhaleelAbd ElghaffarPathology and Clinical pathology, Faculty of Veterinary
Medicine, Assuit University, Assiut, EgyptGehad KhaledAliClinical Pathology, Faculty of veterinary Medicine, Aswan University, Aswan
Egypt.Journal Article20210203Determining the health of animals is important. So, acute-phase proteins consider as important markers of animal health. The acute-phase response is characterized by increased circulating levels of acute-phase proteins released by the liver. In addition, pneumonia is an emerging problem in dromedary camels, with no data available on the diagnostic significance of the markers of acute phase proteins in pneumonic camels. In this report, 44 pneumonic camels were diagnosed by histopathologic analysis of lung tissue from a total of 65 camels. In addition, five healthy camels were used as control groups. Interstitial pneumonia and fibrinous bronchopneumonia were revealed by histopathology. Blood samples were collected from both groups for determination of haptoglobin, C-reactive protein, and fibrinogen. The result revealed highly significant elevations in haptoglobin, C-reactive protein, and fibrinogen (1.00±0.06 g/l, 13.49±0.16mg/l, and 5.47±0.47g/l respectively) in case of interstitial pneumonia, and also the result revealed highly significant elevations in haptoglobin, C-reactive protein and fibrinogen (1.04±0.05g/l, 13.64±0.21mg/l, and5.25±0.33g/l respectively) in case of fibrinous bronchopneumonia than in controls. The present study concluded that haptoglobin, C-reactive protein, and fibrinogen that serve as diagnostic parameters for pneumonia in camels.https://svu.journals.ekb.eg/article_177046_2ae00521ac4eeb7e7d5d33784b031c57.pdfSouth Valley Univesity, Faculty of Veterinary MedicineSVU-International Journal of Veterinary Sciences2535-18264220210601Evaluation of testicular hemodynamics following gonadotropin-releasing hormone administration with the aid of pulse wave Doppler in rams and their relation to hormonal response607517765010.21608/svu.2021.70099.1117ENMohammedRawyDepartment of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Minia University, Minia, Egypt.GaberMegahedDepartment of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, 71526, Assiut, Egypt.Abdelbaset EwedaAbdelbasetAnimal Medicine Department (Clinical and Laboratory diagnosis), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, 71526, EgyptAhmed Saad AhmedHassaneenDepartment of Theriogenology, Obstetrics and Artificial Insemination, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, South Valley University 83523, Qena, Egypt0000-0003-1622-3623Journal Article20210329Vascularization of the testis through testicular artery is of great importance to maintain its normal function. Vascular disruption due to inadequate arterial blood flow of the testis negatively affects testicular function and semen quality. This study aimed to determine the efficacy of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) administration on testicular vascularity in relation to testosterone hormonal response. Five clinically healthy adult ossimi rams 18- to 30-months-old were used. Testicular arteries Doppler examination, blood sampling following GnRH administration and testosterone hormonal assay were conducted. Both pulsatility index (PI) and resistance index (RI) significantly decreased in all treated rams starting from 1 hr till 120 hrs after single GnRH administration, both Doppler indices returned to their pre-treatment values at 144 hours after GnRH administration. Doppler peak systolic velocity (PSV) did not change in response to GnRH administration. Testosterone hormone concentrations negatively correlated with PI and RI but not PSV. In conclusion, GnRH would be useful a beneficial therapy for treatment of testicular dysfunction in rams by increasing testosterone concentrations and testicular blood flow. And pulse wave Doppler ultrasonography would be a useful non-invasive clinical tool for evaluation of the efficacy of novel therapeutic treatments in rams.https://svu.journals.ekb.eg/article_177650_4f9f16b6470f65df3c4dfb420cdd23f4.pdfSouth Valley Univesity, Faculty of Veterinary MedicineSVU-International Journal of Veterinary Sciences2535-18264220210601Occurrence and characterization of Pseudomonas species isolated from Fish Marketed in Sohag Governorate, Egypt768417985910.21608/svu.2021.64991.1111ENHadeer Abd-El-NaserAbd-El-MaogoudBiotechnology and Food Control Department, Animal Health Institute, Doki ,Giza, Egypt.Abo Baker MoustafaEdrisFood Control Department, Faculty of Vet Medicine, Benha, 13511, EgyptAyman HammedMahmoudBiotechnology and Food Control Department, Animal Health Institute, Doki ,Giza, Egypt.Mohamed AbdelfattahMakyFood Hygiene Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine - South Valley University0000-0002-8364-0286Journal Article20210224The aims of this study were isolation and characterization of Pseudomonas spp. from fish meat collected from Sohag governorate, Egypt. A total 120 fish samples including frozen mackerel, frozen saurus, chilled Mugil cephalus and chilled Tilapia nilotica (30 of each) were collected from different shops and super markets in Sohag governorate. Pseudomonas spp. were isolated from 65% of examined samples. The obtained data revealed that the highest count of Pseudomonas was in chilled Tilapia nilotica. The prevalence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in frozen mackerel, frozen saurus, chilled Tilapia nilotica and chilled Mugil cephalus was 33.3%, 30%, 23.3% and 26.6% respectively. Furthermore, psychrotrophic count was performed and the results demonstrated that it was the highest in frozen mackerel followed by Tilapia nilotica and the Mugil cephalus showed the lowest count. Furthermore, the occurrence of oprL, phzM and toxA virulence genes was studied in some selected isolates by PCR. The findings showed that all the selected isolates possessed the virulence genes. This work showed contamination of fish samples with Pseudomonas spp., indicating the importance of applying of hygienic measures during handling and storage of fish.https://svu.journals.ekb.eg/article_179859_a622c7dd8b5ba95b227dc751fd83dc00.pdfSouth Valley Univesity, Faculty of Veterinary MedicineSVU-International Journal of Veterinary Sciences2535-18264220210601Equine osteoarthritis: An overview of different treatment strategies.859617986210.21608/svu.2021.57242.1099ENElhusseinMahmoudDepartment of Surgery, Anaesthesiology, and Radiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, South Valley University, Qena 83523, Egypt,Ahmed Saad AhmedHassaneenDepartment of Theriogenology, Obstetrics and Artificial Insemination, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, South Valley University 83523, Qena, Egypt0000-0003-1622-3623Mohammed A.NobyDepartment of Surgery, Anaesthesiology, and Radiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, South Valley University, Qena 83523, Egypt,AmanyMawasDepartment of Pathology& Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt.Abdel-Nasser A.Abdel-HadyDepartment of Surgery, Anaesthesiology, and Radiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, South Valley University, Qena 83523, Egypt,Journal Article20210109Osteoarthritis (OA) has been considered the most common cause of lameness in equine, especially athletic horses. Different therapies are used for the treatment of OA; hyaluronic acid (HA), a component in the articular cartilage matrix, has been shown to reduce OA-related lameness in horses. Recently, another biological therapy named platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is used for the treatment of OA. PRP consists of several growth factors which would be useful to inhibit the OA progression, till now, the obtained results of using either HA or PRP are still of contradictory effects on OA. Subsequently, one other novel alternative treatment option has been recently emerged in the veterinary field for treating musculoskeletal disorders. This novel treatment is known as stem cell therapy. In the present review, we explain different treatments of the OA such as HA, PRP, and stem cells therapy that would be effective to control lameness and locomotor disorders in equine.https://svu.journals.ekb.eg/article_179862_21f85de84258954e7a11a50d0ec0aacd.pdfSouth Valley Univesity, Faculty of Veterinary MedicineSVU-International Journal of Veterinary Sciences2535-18264220210601Serological and Bacteriological Screening of Brucellosis in Blood and Milk of Cows and Buffaloes9710717994910.21608/svu.2021.66544.1113ENDhary AlewyAlmashhadanyDepartment of Medical Lab Science (DMLS), College of Science (CSCN),Knowledge University (KNU)https://orcid.org/00Journal Article20210306Brucellosis remains a serious infection to human and animal populations in developing countries with detrimental effects on public health. This work aimed to evaluate the occurrence of brucellosis in cow and buffaloes at Erbil Governorate by detection anti-Brucella antibodies and isolation of Brucella species. A total of 265 blood samples (140 from cows and 125 from buffaloes) were collected from villages around Erbil city, and 320 raw milk samples (170 from cow and 150 from buffaloes) were randomly collected from dairy farms during the period from July to December 2019. The results showed an overall seroprevalence of 11.7% according to RBT. The isolation of Brucella abortus was 7/19 (36.8%) and 12 / 19 (63.2%), while 9/24 (37.5%) and 15 /24 (62.5%) were Brucella melitensis from cattle and buffaloes milk samples, respectively. Noticeable increase in occurrence was found in November (20.8%), while the lowest rate was seen in July (5.9%). In conclusion, brucellosis is still a significant public health hazard in Erbil Governorate. Based on the tests performance, the study recommends MRT as a rapid screening test for detecting brucellosis in milk in farms, centers, and dairy factories. Consumers are also recommended to adequately pasteurize the milk in order to kill this milk-borne pathogen before consumption.https://svu.journals.ekb.eg/article_179949_4735c0616c495a9df5363b05d6cedccf.pdf