Document Type : Research article
Authors
1
Department of Anatomy and Embryology Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, SVU
2
Department of Surgery, Anesthesiology, and Radiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
3
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, SVU
4
Department of surgery, Anesthesiology, and Radiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhur University, Damanhur , Egypt.
5
Department of Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt
Abstract
The current study aims to evaluate the analgesic and anaesthetic properties of epidurally administered mepivacaine HCl 3%, xylazine HCl 2%, and a combination of both in donkeys. Nine healthy donkeys were treated with three different regimens: mepivacaine HCl 3% alone, xylazine HCl 2% alone, and a combination of mepivacaine HCl and xylazine HCl. The injections were easily administered into the sacrococcygeal space. A morphometric analysis of this region can enhance the epidural anaesthesia technique by offering precise data on needle insertion depth, angle, and key anatomical landmarks. Analgesia was evaluated using superficial and deep muscle pin-prick tests to determine its onset, duration, and affected area. The degree of analgesia was assessed before drug administration (T0) and thereafter at T5, T10, T15, T30, T60 and T120. Additionally, respiratory rate, heart rate, and rectal temperature (°C) were recorded at 0, 5-, 15-, 30-, and 60-min post-injection. The findings of this study demonstrated that the optimal epidural doses for mepivacaine HCl 3% (M), xylazine HCl 2% (X), and their combination (M/X) in donkeys were 10 ml, 6 ml, and 5+3 ml, respectively. The mepivacaine HCl and xylazine HCl combination induced rapid anaesthesia within 1.5–2.25 min, without excitement, providing a prolonged duration of anaesthesia (125±6 min). Post-injection, heart rate remained stable with a slight, non-significant increase, while body temperature insignificantly increased following injection, reaching 37.5 C°. The respiratory rate remained within normal limits across all study groups.
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